Simulating US-guided prostate biopsies
Prostate biopsies for cancer diagnosis are most often performed under 2D ultrasound (US) image guidance. The US endorectal probe, equipped with a needle guide is manipulated by the clinician to determine the sampling sites. Generally, a cancer if any, is not visible on US images. The execution of a biopsy scheme (typically 12 samples regularly spread in the gland, has to face the difficult 3D localization based on the 2D images. We have developed a simulator integrating a haptic feedback materializing a virtual US probe (see figures). Depending on the probe position the images are computed from 3D US volumes recorded during real patient exams. The simulator also has didactical content.	Demo to the French Academy of Surgery, 2013
	Evaluating the ability to transfer the skill to the real practice
References: Selmi S, Promayon E, Sarrazin J, Troccaz J. 3D Interactive Ultrasound Image Deformation for Realistic Prostate Biopsy Simulation. Proceedings of the 6^th International Symposium on Biomedical Simulation, Strasbourg, 16-17 October, Springer, LNCS vol 8789, Fernando Bello and Stéphane Cotin (Editors), pp122-130, 2014 (PDF) Fiard G, Selmi SY, Promayon E, Vadcard L, Descotes JL, Troccaz J. Initial validation of a virtual reality learning environment for prostate biopsies: realism matters! Journal of Endourology, 2014:28(4):453-8. (pdf) Fiard G, Selmi SY, Promayon E, Descotes JL, Troccaz J. Simulation-based training for prostate biopsies: towards the validation of the Biopsym simulator. Minimally Invasive Therapy & Allied Technologies, online first August 2019 (pdf)
Collaborations: Grenoble University Hospital (Dr JL. Descotes, Urology dept), La Pitié Salpetrière Hospital, Paris (Dr P. Mozer – Urology dept) – Lucile Vadcard (Educational science laboratory, Grenoble)
Status: INACTIVE This was the PhD topics of Gaelle Fiard, urologist at Grenoble University Hospital,( in collaboration with Sonia Selmi). Defended in 2018 (pdf – in French) Also part of ANR project PROSBOT and FUI MIRAS.
Contact: jocelyne.troccaz@univ-grenoble-alpes.fr